Karnataka passes a new hate speech law with strict penalties, drawing protests from the BJP over misuse concerns, as Telangana signals a similar move.

The Karnataka Assembly has approved a new law aimed at curbing hate speech and hate crimes, triggering intense debate and protests from the Opposition. The legislation defines hate speech as acts or expressions that incite disharmony or hostility on the basis of religion, caste, or other identities, and prescribes stringent punishment, including long prison terms and substantial fines.

Defending the move, Deputy Chief Minister D. K. Shivakumar said the Bill plugs gaps in existing laws and responds to recent incidents of social tension in the state. According to the government, the objective is to deter inflammatory speech while ensuring protection for all communities.

The BJP, however, staged strong protests inside the House, tearing copies of the Bill and warning that loosely defined terms such as “disharmony” could be misused to silence criticism and political dissent. Opposition leaders argued that the law gives excessive discretionary powers to authorities, despite exemptions for art, literature, academic work, and religious practices.

Meanwhile, Telangana Chief Minister A. Revanth Reddy announced that his government plans to introduce similar legislation in the next Assembly session, signalling a broader push by Congress-ruled states to legislate on social harmony.

While the government frames the law as a safeguard against rising polarisation, its real test will lie in fair and restrained implementation. Clear guidelines and judicial oversight will be crucial to ensure the law curbs genuine hate without infringing on free expression or political opposition.